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Do optimism and moralization predict vaccination? A five-wave longitudinal study.

Margaux Delporte1, Martial Luyts1, Geert Molenberghs1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Optimism about vaccination outcomes and perceived effectiveness influenced vaccination decisions. However, moralizing vaccination was linked to lower vaccine uptake, especially in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Understanding factors influencing vaccination decisions is crucial for public health.
  • Optimism, perceived effectiveness, and moral framing are potential psychological predictors of vaccine uptake.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if personal and comparative optimism, perceived vaccine effectiveness, and moralization predict vaccination decisions.
  • To explore how these factors vary across demographic groups and COVID-19 risk perceptions.

Main Methods:

  • A five-wave longitudinal study with approximately 5,000 participants in Belgium (December 2020-May 2021).
  • Measured self-reported vaccination decisions, demographic factors, optimism (personal/comparative) regarding infection, severe disease, and good outcomes, perceived vaccine effectiveness, and moral framing of vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Vaccine availability impacted outlook; regional differences in vaccination decisions were observed.
  • Optimism predicted decisions differently based on age and the specific COVID-19 aspect (infection vs. outcome).
  • Moralizing vaccination was associated with increased vaccine hesitancy, particularly in older adults.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccination campaigns should distinguish between infection risk and outcome expectations.
  • Public health messaging should address comparative optimism, especially for younger demographics.
  • Moralizing vaccination may inadvertently decrease vaccine willingness.