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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

295
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
295
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

289
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
289
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

185
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
185
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

390
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
390
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

1.3K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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Tuberculosis - United States, 2022.

Kimberly R Schildknecht, Robert H Pratt, Pei-Jean I Feng

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    This summary is machine-generated.

    Tuberculosis incidence in the U.S. slightly increased in 2022 but remains below prepandemic levels. Persistent disparities highlight the need for timely diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI).

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    Area of Science:

    • Public Health
    • Epidemiology
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Reported tuberculosis (TB) incidence in the U.S. declined from 1993-2019, with a notable drop in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    • Explanations for the 2020 decline include delayed diagnoses, altered migration patterns, and increased mortality.
    • Pre-existing racial and ethnic disparities in TB incidence have been documented.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze U.S. tuberculosis trends in 2022, focusing on incidence rates, demographic disparities, and changes compared to previous years.
    • To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB epidemiology and identify ongoing challenges.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized provisional data from the National Tuberculosis Surveillance System for 2022, covering all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
    • Calculated TB incidence rates using midyear population estimates.
    • Stratified TB incidence by birth origin, race and ethnicity, and age groups.

    Main Results:

    • In 2022, U.S. TB incidence slightly increased to 2.5 cases per 100,000 persons, remaining below prepandemic levels.
    • Observed an increase in cases among recently arrived non-U.S.-born individuals.
    • Noted higher TB incidence among non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander persons, and specific age groups (≤4 and 15-24 years).

    Conclusions:

    • Tuberculosis incidence in the U.S. appears to be returning towards prepandemic levels, but disparities persist.
    • Timely diagnosis and treatment of active TB are crucial to interrupt transmission.
    • Prevention strategies, including the treatment of latent TB infection (LTBI), are essential to address ongoing disparities.