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    Area of Science:

    • Ecology
    • Evolutionary Biology
    • Theoretical Ecology

    Background:

    • Disruptive selection can lead to either high intraspecific trait variation (ITV) or distinct species with low ITV.
    • Spatially structured communities face similar questions regarding local adaptation versus generalized species.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a theoretical framework combining intraspecific trait variation (ITV) and species coexistence.
    • To investigate trait diversity apportionment within and between species in ecological communities.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a novel theoretical framework integrating ITV and species coexistence dynamics.
    • Applied the framework to two Lotka-Volterra competition models for unstructured and spatially structured populations.

    Main Results:

    • In unstructured communities, increasing resource spectrum breadth elevates the importance of ITV.
    • Spatially structured communities exhibited no, symmetric, or asymmetric local adaptation based on patch differentiation.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed framework offers a general approach to incorporate ITV into eco-evolutionary community assembly models.
    • Trait diversity apportionment depends on community structure and environmental heterogeneity.