Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Death01:30

Overview of Cell Death

7.5K
Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the...
7.5K
Autophagic Cell Death01:18

Autophagic Cell Death

3.5K
Christian de Duve discovered “autophagy,” a process in which cellular components are engulfed by membrane-bound organelles called autophagosomes. The autophagosomes then fuse with lysosomes to digest the enclosed contents. Autophagy is generally activated in cells to prevent cell death. However, cell death is triggered when the damage is beyond repair.
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and...
3.5K
Necrosis01:16

Necrosis

4.7K
Necrosis is considered as an “accidental” or unexpected form of cell death that ends in cell lysis. The first noticeable mention of “necrosis” was in 1859 when Rudolf Virchow used this term to describe advanced tissue breakdown in his compilation titled “Cell Pathology”.
Morphological Manifestations of Necrosis
Necrotic cells show different types of morphological appearance depending on the type of tissue and infection. In coagulative necrosis, cells become...
4.7K
Apoptosis01:30

Apoptosis

11.7K
Apoptosis is a combination of two Greek words, 'apo' and 'ptosis,' meaning separation and falling off, respectively. Hippocrates used this word to describe gangrene, which was caused due to bandaging of fractured bones. Apoptosis was distinguished from necrosis in 1970 when John Kerr reported observations of morphological changes occurring during apoptosis. During one experiment, he observed that the disruption of blood supply to the liver tissue resulted in a size...
11.7K
Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells01:17

Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells

3.9K
Cells undergoing apoptosis form apoptotic bodies that must be removed immediately to prevent inflammation, autoimmune diseases, and necrosis. Phagocytosis is carried out by professional phagocytes such as macrophages or  immature dendritic cells. Non-professional phagocytes such as  epithelial cells and fibroblasts also take part in this process; however, they are not as effective as professional phagocytes. 
Normal cells contain receptors that prevent them from being recognized...
3.9K
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway01:31

The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway

6.7K
Internal cellular stress, such as cellular injury or hypoxia, triggers intrinsic apoptosis. The B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are the primary regulators of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. For example, during DNA damage, checkpoint proteins, such as Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM protein) and Checkpoints Factor-2 (Chk2) proteins, are activated. These proteins phosphorylate p53 which further activates pro-apoptotic proteins, such as Bax, Bak, PUMA, and Noxa, and inhibits...
6.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cytokines driven by caspase-1 and RIPK3 are antagonistic.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Gasdermins against intracellular bacterial pathogens.

Nature microbiology·2026
Same author

cGAS Inhibits ALDH2 to Suppress Lipid Droplet Function and Regulate MASLD Progression.

Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)·2025
Same author

A gut sense for a microbial pattern regulates feeding.

Nature·2025
Same author

The NLRP1 inflammasome is an essential and selective mediator of axon pruning in neurons.

EMBO reports·2025
Same author

Chemokine expression profile of an innate granuloma.

eLife·2024
Same journal

Horizontal transfer of mitochondria in cancer: The physiology reborn in disease?

Trends in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Spindle errors: A stress test for epithelial robustness.

Trends in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Multicellular ecosystems: Linking cellular diversity to tissue function and disease.

Trends in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Orchestrating the signaling-bias at the protease-activated receptor, PAR1.

Trends in cell biology·2026
Same journal

Crashing by design: Utilizing DNA damage for MCC differentiation.

Trends in cell biology·2026
Same journal

The value of a shared lab: Our insights.

Trends in cell biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis
12:55

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis

Published on: February 16, 2015

18.1K

Bucket lists must be completed during cell death.

Kengo Nozaki1, Edward A Miao1

  • 1Department of Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.

Trends in Cell Biology
|March 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cells utilize a "bucket list" of essential tasks before undergoing regulated cell death, employing membrane repair mechanisms to ensure completion. This ensures vital cellular functions are finalized prior to cell demise.

Keywords:
ESCRTacid sphingomyelinasecaspase-7cell deathgasderminmembrane repair

More Related Videos

Use of LysoTracker to Detect Programmed Cell Death in Embryos and Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells
12:44

Use of LysoTracker to Detect Programmed Cell Death in Embryos and Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: October 11, 2012

23.4K
In Vivo Biosensor Tracks Non-apoptotic Caspase Activity in Drosophila
13:21

In Vivo Biosensor Tracks Non-apoptotic Caspase Activity in Drosophila

Published on: November 27, 2016

9.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis
12:55

Strategies for Tracking Anastasis, A Cell Survival Phenomenon that Reverses Apoptosis

Published on: February 16, 2015

18.1K
Use of LysoTracker to Detect Programmed Cell Death in Embryos and Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells
12:44

Use of LysoTracker to Detect Programmed Cell Death in Embryos and Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells

Published on: October 11, 2012

23.4K
In Vivo Biosensor Tracks Non-apoptotic Caspase Activity in Drosophila
13:21

In Vivo Biosensor Tracks Non-apoptotic Caspase Activity in Drosophila

Published on: November 27, 2016

9.1K

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular mechanisms of cell death

Background:

  • Regulated cell death encompasses diverse pathways like apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and NETosis, primarily aimed at eliminating cells.
  • Cells may need to execute specific effector programs, termed a 'cellular bucket list,' before undergoing death.
  • These effector programs are cell-type and death-mode specific, with examples like intestinal epithelial cell extrusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and explore the concept of a 'cellular bucket list' in the context of regulated cell death.
  • To identify the regulatory mechanisms cells employ to temporarily prolong life for completing essential tasks.
  • To investigate the role of membrane repair in facilitating the completion of cellular effector programs before death.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual framework development for 'cellular bucket list'.
  • Review of existing literature on regulated cell death pathways and cellular repair mechanisms.
  • Analysis of specific examples, such as intestinal epithelial cell extrusion and membrane repair pathways.

Main Results:

  • Cells engage in a series of crucial effector programs, a 'bucket list,' prior to undergoing regulated cell death.
  • Cellular survival can be transiently extended through regulatory mechanisms, including membrane repair.
  • Key membrane repair pathways, such as those involving the endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), are critical for enabling cells to complete their 'bucket lists.'

Conclusions:

  • The concept of a 'cellular bucket list' provides a new perspective on the final moments of a cell's life.
  • Membrane repair mechanisms are vital for ensuring the completion of essential cellular tasks before cell death.
  • Understanding these processes is crucial for comprehending cell fate decisions and tissue homeostasis.