Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

27.2K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
27.2K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.4K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.4K
Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

685
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
685
Rate-Determining Steps03:08

Rate-Determining Steps

33.0K
Relating Reaction Mechanisms
In a multistep reaction mechanism, one of the elementary steps progresses significantly slower than the others. This slowest step is called the rate-limiting step (or rate-determining step). A reaction cannot proceed faster than its slowest step, and hence, the rate-determining step limits the overall reaction rate.
The concept of rate-determining step can be understood from the analogy of a 4-lane freeway with a short-stretch of traffic-bottleneck caused due to...
33.0K
Electron Carriers01:24

Electron Carriers

85.4K
Electron carriers can be thought of as electron shuttles. These compounds can easily accept electrons (i.e., be reduced) or lose them (i.e., be oxidized). They play an essential role in energy production because cellular respiration is contingent on the flow of electrons.
Over the many stages of cellular respiration, glucose breaks down into carbon dioxide and water. Electron carriers pick up electrons lost by glucose in these reactions, temporarily storing and releasing them into the electron...
85.4K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

4.0K
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
4.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Colorimetric correction of electrocatalytic urea quantification.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Magnetic-Field-Enabled Ultrafast Quench Synthesis of Single-Atom Catalysts for Efficient Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Discovery of a Robust Single-Atom Ruthenium Emission Control Catalyst.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Single Atom Ru Doped CuTi Nanozyme with Precisely Programmed Cascade Catalysis for Amplified Oral Cancer Therapy.

ACS nano·2026
Same author

Asymmetric Ru─O sites in self-activated catalysts for efficient electrochemical methanol oxidation and industrial-scale hydrogen generation.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Atomic-Scale Selective C-H Halogenation Driven by Tip Electric Field in Water.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

18.3K

Dual-Atom Support Boosts Nickel-Catalyzed Urea Electrooxidation.

Xiaobo Zheng1, Jiarui Yang1, Peng Li2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|March 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel catalyst that promotes urea oxidation reaction (UOR) before self-oxidation, enhancing nickel-based catalyst performance. The new material shows excellent activity and durability for UOR applications.

Keywords:
2D HeterostructureDual-Atom SupportElectronic CouplingInterface ChemistryUrea Oxidation Reaction

More Related Videos

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.6K
Author Spotlight: A Rapid, Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets
07:57

Author Spotlight: A Rapid, Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets

Published on: August 18, 2023

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

18.3K
Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.6K
Author Spotlight: A Rapid, Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets
07:57

Author Spotlight: A Rapid, Microwave-Assisted Hydrothermal Synthesis Of Nickel Hydroxide Nanosheets

Published on: August 18, 2023

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Nickel-based catalysts are promising for urea oxidation reaction (UOR).
  • Their activity is limited by nickel species self-oxidation reaction (NSOR).
  • A strategy to perform UOR before NSOR is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To modulate interface chemistry to trigger UOR before NSOR.
  • To construct a 2D/2D heterostructure for enhanced UOR catalysis.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 2D/2D heterostructure: ultrathin NiO anchored Ru-Co dual-atom support (Ru-Co DAS/NiO).
  • Operando spectroscopic characterizations to confirm the triggering mechanism.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations to understand electronic structure.

Main Results:

  • The Ru-Co DAS/NiO catalyst exhibits outstanding UOR activity (1.288 V at 10 mA cm⁻²).
  • Remarkable long-term durability exceeding 330 hours of operation.
  • The heterointerface favorably modulates electronic structure, favoring UOR over NSOR.

Conclusions:

  • Interface chemistry modulation is an effective strategy to enhance nickel-based UOR catalysts.
  • The Ru-Co DAS/NiO catalyst demonstrates superior performance and durability.
  • This work provides insights into designing advanced electrocatalysts for UOR.