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Related Concept Videos

Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency01:19

Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency

The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
Chymotrypsin is a pancreatic enzyme that breaks down proteins during digestion. The...

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Updated: Jul 7, 2026

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

Discovery of a Robust Single-Atom Ruthenium Emission Control Catalyst.

Chengxiong Wang1,2, Jin-Cheng Liu3, Zhi Li4

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

Angewandte Chemie (International Ed. in English)
|July 6, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new ruthenium single-atom catalyst demonstrates exceptional stability and cost-effectiveness for automotive emission control, potentially replacing rhodium catalysts. This advanced material effectively reduces harmful by-products and enhances CO conversion, offering a greener future.

Keywords:
H‐spilloverRu─O─Ce bridgessingle‐atom catalystthermal oxidative agingthree‐way catalysis

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Published on: August 23, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Traditional rhodium (Rh) catalysts for automotive emission control face cost and stability challenges.
  • Developing robust, cost-effective alternatives is crucial for sustainable automotive technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel emission control catalyst using ruthenium single-atom (RuSA) sites.
  • To evaluate the stability, activity, and by-product selectivity of the RuSA catalyst compared to commercial Rh catalysts.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized a RuSA catalyst anchored by square-planar coordination with ceria and stabilized with zirconium (Zr).
  • Investigated catalyst stability under thermal oxidative aging at 850°C in a H2O/O2/N2 mixture.
  • Assessed catalytic performance for CO conversion and by-product (N2O, NH3) formation under oxygen-lean conditions.

Main Results:

  • The RuSA-CeO2/CZ catalyst exhibited remarkable stability after aging at 850°C.
  • Achieved higher CO conversion activity and lower selectivity for N2O and NH3 by-products compared to commercial Rh catalysts.
  • Demonstrated cost reduction potential of approximately 73% compared to Rh catalysts.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RuSA catalyst offers a stable, cost-effective, and high-performance alternative for automotive emission control.
  • The unique CeZrO-RuSA-CeO2 three-phase interface facilitates low-temperature C-H bond activation and H-spillover.
  • This research paves the way for next-generation, sustainable emission control solutions.