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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on SLE

Xingwang Zhao1, Haohao Wu1, Shifei Li1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China.

Modern Rheumatology
|March 24, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients faced many COVID-19 concerns. This review highlights shared inflammatory pathways, risks, and treatment options for SLE patients during the pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Rheumatology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and autoimmune diseases, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), remains incompletely understood.
  • SLE patients encountered numerous challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic, including infection risk, disease management, and vaccination decisions.
  • Shared inflammatory pathways and immuno-inflammatory responses exist between SLE and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Approach:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the multifaceted effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with SLE.
  • The review discusses clinical characteristics, pathological features, and cytokine profiles relevant to both SLE and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Epidemiological data, therapeutic strategies, and vaccination efficacy for SLE patients during the pandemic are analyzed.

Key Points:

  • Current data are insufficient to fully assess COVID-19 risk and severity in SLE patients.
  • Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are ineffective for COVID-19 prevention.
  • SLE patients experienced higher hospitalization rates during the pandemic; vaccination is recommended to mitigate infection risk.

Conclusions:

  • SARS-CoV-2 infection shares clinical and immunological similarities with SLE, necessitating careful management.
  • Vaccination is crucial for reducing infection risk in SLE patients.
  • This review provides valuable insights into the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of COVID-19 in SLE patients.

Keywords:
Autoimmunitycoronavirus disease 2019infectionsevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2systemic lupus erythematosus

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