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Muscle Quality in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.

Charles Phillipe de Lucena Alves1, Samuel Brito de Almeida2, Danielle Pessoa Lima3

  • 1Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

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|March 24, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Muscle quality definitions and assessments in older adults vary widely. This review proposes a standardized definition to improve its use as a marker of skeletal muscle health.

Keywords:
Agingmuscle massmuscle strengthsarcopeniaskeletal muscle function deficit

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Skeletal Muscle Physiology
  • Biomedical Assessment

Background:

  • Muscle quality is crucial for healthy aging.
  • Current definitions and assessment methods lack standardization.
  • Heterogeneity hinders consistent research and clinical application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map available definitions and assessment methods of muscle quality in older adults.
  • To identify domains and common metrics used in muscle quality research.
  • To propose a standardized definition for consistent application.

Main Methods:

  • Scoping review of studies on muscle quality in adults aged 60+.
  • Searched four major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library) up to May 2022.
  • Included observational and experimental studies with clear muscle quality assessment descriptions.

Main Results:

  • 96 articles were included, revealing significant heterogeneity in definitions and methods.
  • Muscle quality was assessed in functional (70%) and morphological (30%) domains.
  • Functional domain: knee extension strength/leg lean mass ratio (45.9%). Morphological domain: quadriceps echo intensity (50.0%).

Conclusions:

  • Substantial heterogeneity exists in defining and assessing muscle quality in older adults.
  • A standardized definition encompassing terminology, domain, and assessment methods is proposed.
  • Standardization will aid researchers and clinicians in using muscle quality as a marker of skeletal muscle health.