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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

655
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
655

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Antimicrobial particles based on Cu2ZnSnS4 monograins.

Rokas Žalnėravičius1, Vidas Pakštas1, Giedrė Grincienė1

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Summary

Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) particles synthesized via molten salt method show potent antimicrobial activity. These CZTS particles effectively kill bacteria and yeast by inducing reactive oxygen species overproduction.

Keywords:
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (AMR)Antimicrobial activityCu(2)ZnSnS(4) (CZTS)Microbial fuel cellsNanomaterialsReactive oxygen species (ROS)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) is a promising material for various applications.
  • Understanding the synthesis and properties of CZTS is crucial for its development.
  • Antimicrobial properties of novel materials are of significant interest in combating infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize CZTS particles using the molten salt approach.
  • To characterize the synthesized CZTS particles' morphology, structure, and composition.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of CZTS particles against medically relevant bacteria and yeast strains.

Main Methods:

  • Molten salt synthesis for CZTS particle fabrication.
  • Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for morphology analysis.
  • X-ray Diffraction (XRD) for phase and crystal structure determination.
  • Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy for elemental composition.
  • Thermogravimetric/Differential Thermal Analysis-Mass Spectrometry (TG/DTA-MS) and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) for decomposition and degradation studies.
  • Antimicrobial assays against bacterial and yeast strains.
  • Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) detection using 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein (DCF) fluorescence.

Main Results:

  • Tetragonal-shaped CZTS particles with sizes ranging from 10.8 to 28.7 µm were successfully synthesized.
  • XRD confirmed a tetragonal kesterite crystal structure, and EDX indicated near-stoichiometric composition (Cu1.88Zn1.04SnS3.97).
  • CZTS particles demonstrated significant concentration and time-dependent antimicrobial activity, achieving over 95.7% killing efficiency against M. luteus and complete inactivation of P. aeruginosa at higher concentrations.
  • Effective inactivation of Candida krusei (54.8%) and Candida parapsilosis (89.7%) was observed, reaching nearly 100% at higher concentrations.
  • ROS overproduction was identified as the primary mechanism of antimicrobial action.

Conclusions:

  • The molten salt approach is effective for synthesizing CZTS particles with desired structural and compositional properties.
  • Synthesized CZTS particles exhibit potent, dose-dependent antimicrobial activity against a range of bacteria and yeasts.
  • The antimicrobial mechanism is attributed to the induction of reactive oxygen species, highlighting CZTS as a potential agent for antimicrobial applications.