Experimental mouse models for translational human cancer research

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Cancer Research
• Animal Models

Background:

• Tumor development and progression pose significant global health challenges.
• Despite advances in immunotherapies like immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR-T cell therapy, fundamental mechanisms of cancer initiation and progression require further investigation.
• Experimental animal models are crucial for simulating tumor development and evaluating therapeutic interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in mouse and rat tumor models.
• To provide guidance for future research on malignant mechanisms and cancer prevention.
• To consolidate knowledge on various types of preclinical cancer models.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of recent research on animal models in oncology.
• Focus on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models in mice and rats.
• Analysis of the utility of these models in simulating tumor biology and treatment response.

Main Results:

• Mouse and rat models offer significant advantages in mimicking tumor occurrence, development, and malignant transformation.
• These models are indispensable for evaluating the efficacy of diverse clinical interventions.
• A range of models, including spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable types, are available for cancer research.

Conclusions:

• Experimental animal models are vital tools for unraveling complex cancer biology.
• Continued research using these models will accelerate the development of novel cancer therapies and prevention strategies.
• This review serves as a guide for researchers utilizing preclinical models in oncology.