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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic pharmacology and veterinary medicine.
  • Marine fish health and pain management.

Background:

  • Limited pharmacological data exists for fish, particularly marine species, hindering effective pain management.
  • Meloxicam, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), has been evaluated in few teleost species, primarily freshwater or euryhaline.
  • Research gaps exist regarding meloxicam's pharmacokinetics and efficacy in marine fish.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the pharmacokinetic properties of meloxicam in adult China rockfish (Sebastes nebulosus).
  • To evaluate meloxicam's plasma concentrations following intramuscular (IM) and oral (PO) administration routes.

Main Methods:

  • Nine healthy adult China rockfish received 1 mg/kg meloxicam via IM injection.
  • Following a washout period, the same fish received 1 mg/kg meloxicam via PO gavage.
  • Plasma meloxicam concentrations were measured over 48 hours using high-performance liquid chromatography; noncompartmental analysis was performed.

Main Results:

  • Intramuscular meloxicam injection resulted in a mean peak plasma concentration of 4.9 µg/ml and a terminal half-life of 5.0 hours.
  • Peak plasma concentrations after IM administration were maintained for up to 12 hours, consistent with therapeutic levels in some mammals.
  • Single-dose oral administration yielded a significantly lower mean peak plasma concentration (0.07 µg/ml), with unknown clinical practicality.

Conclusions:

  • Intramuscular meloxicam administration is a viable route for achieving therapeutic concentrations in China rockfish.
  • Oral meloxicam administration was insufficient for reaching therapeutic levels in this marine species.
  • Further research on NSAID multidose regimens and pharmacodynamics is recommended for optimizing pain management strategies in marine fish.