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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Assessing Bacterial Invasion of Cardiac Cells in Culture and Heart Colonization in Infected Mice Using Listeria monocytogenes
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Primary spontaneous listerial peritonitis.

Joseph Tholany1, Hasan Samra2, Takaaki Kobayashi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Idcases
|March 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Listeria monocytogenes can cause spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in patients with liver disease. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment, such as ampicillin, are crucial for successful outcomes.

Keywords:
ListeriaSpontaneous bacterial peritonitis

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hepatology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common complication in patients with advanced liver disease.
  • Listeria monocytogenes is an uncommon but serious cause of SBP.

Observation:

  • A male patient with chronic kidney disease, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and nonalcoholic cirrhosis presented with fever and abdominal pain.
  • Ascitic fluid analysis revealed a high neutrophil count and Gram-positive cocci on Gram stain.
  • Ascites cultures subsequently identified Listeria monocytogenes.

Findings:

  • The patient was initially treated with ceftriaxone, then switched to ampicillin upon identification of Listeria monocytogenes.
  • Treatment with ampicillin and amoxicillin resulted in resolution of SBP, with ascitic neutrophil counts decreasing significantly.
  • The patient remained recurrence-free for over a year after completing a prolonged course of suppressive amoxicillin.

Implications:

  • Listeria monocytogenes should be considered in the differential diagnosis of SBP, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with cirrhosis.
  • Penicillin-based antibiotics, such as ampicillin and amoxicillin, are effective for treating Listeria monocytogenes SBP.
  • Focal listerial infections may be treated with penicillins alone, while invasive disease might necessitate combination therapy with aminoglycosides.