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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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Sulfur Assimilation01:20

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Sulfur is an essential element in biological systems, contributing to synthesizing key biomolecules, including amino acids such as cysteine and methionine, and cofactors such as coenzyme A and biotin. Microorganisms primarily assimilate sulfur as sulfate (SO₄²⁻) from the environment, which must undergo a series of biochemical transformations before it can be incorporated into cellular components. As sulfate is highly oxidized, it must undergo assimilatory sulfate reduction to...
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Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: Challenges and Perspectives.

Xinxin Zhu1, Liguang Wang2,3, Zhengyu Bai4

  • 1College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People's Republic of China.

Nano-Micro Letters
|March 28, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries offer high energy density and improved safety by using inorganic solid-state electrolytes. This study addresses challenges in designing composite sulfur cathodes for better performance.

Keywords:
All-solid-state lithium–sulfur batteryElectrolyte decompositionSulfur cathodeTriple-phase interfacesVolume change

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with liquid electrolytes suffer from shuttle effects and safety issues.
  • Solid-state electrolytes offer a promising solution for Li-S batteries, enabling sulfide-based all-solid-state Li-S batteries.
  • High-energy density is a key characteristic of these advanced battery systems.

Discussion:

  • Composite sulfur cathodes require careful design to overcome sulfur's intrinsic insulation.
  • Key factors include conductive networks, sulfur-electrolyte interfaces, and porous structures for volume expansion.
  • Addressing ionic and electronic diffusion challenges is crucial for stable positive electrodes.

Key Insights:

  • Lack of design principles for high-performance composite sulfur cathodes hinders Li-S battery development.
  • Regulating sulfur cathodes involves optimizing conductivity, interfaces, and structural integrity.
  • Solutions for stable positive electrodes focus on managing diffusion limitations.

Outlook:

  • Future research should focus on architectural design of sulfur cathodes.
  • Developing advanced composite sulfur cathodes is essential for high-performance all-solid-state Li-S batteries.
  • Continued exploration of cathode design principles will drive battery innovation.