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Behavioral circatidal rhythms require Bmal1 in Parhyale hawaiensis.

Erica R Kwiatkowski1, Yisrael Schnytzer2, Joshua J C Rosenthal3

  • 1Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.

Current Biology : CB
|March 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The crustacean Parhyale hawaiensis displays robust circatidal rhythms, crucial for intertidal survival. The core circadian clock gene Bmal1 is essential for these rhythms, linking daily and tidal biological clocks.

Keywords:
BMAL1CRISPR-Cas9 mediated mutagenesisParhyale hawaiensiscircadian rhythmscircatidal rhythms

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Area of Science:

  • Chronobiology
  • Marine Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Intertidal organisms face extreme environmental fluctuations due to tides.
  • Circatidal clocks help intertidal animals anticipate tidal changes, but their molecular basis is poorly understood.
  • A lack of genetically tractable intertidal model organisms has hindered research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish Parhyale hawaiensis as a model organism for studying circatidal rhythms.
  • To investigate the molecular underpinnings of circatidal clocks.
  • To explore the relationship between circatidal and circadian clocks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Parhyale hawaiensis, a genetically tractable crustacean.
  • Recorded locomotion rhythms under controlled conditions, including artificial tidal cycles.
  • Employed CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing to study gene function.

Main Results:

  • Parhyale hawaiensis exhibits a robust 12.4-hour rhythm of locomotion, entrainable to artificial tides and temperature-compensated.
  • The core circadian clock gene Bmal1 was found to be essential for these circatidal rhythms.
  • Demonstrated that Bmal1 acts as a molecular link between circadian and circatidal clocks.

Conclusions:

  • Parhyale hawaiensis is a suitable model for circatidal rhythm research.
  • Bmal1 plays a critical role in mediating circatidal timing.
  • This study provides molecular insight into the entrainment of biological clocks in intertidal species.