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Updated: Aug 5, 2025
12:29
Population and Single-Cell Analysis of Antibiotic Persistence in Escherichia coli
Published on: March 24, 2023
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The Association between Previous Antibiotic Consumption and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Population-Based Case-Control
Matan Dugot1, Eugene Merzon1,2, Shai Ashkenazi1
1Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 29, 2023
Summary
Previous antibiotic use impacts SARS-CoV-2 infection risk. Certain antibiotics, like phenoxymethylpenicillin, increased risk, while trimethoprim-sulfonamides and azithromycin decreased it.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility is complex, influenced by the human microbiome and immune status.
- Antibiotic use can alter these factors long-term, potentially affecting infection risk.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between prior antibiotic consumption and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- To control for known confounders in a large population-based study.
Main Methods:
- A matched case-control study using electronic health records.
- 31,260 SARS-CoV-2 positive cases matched with 125,039 controls.
- Analysis of antibiotic use in the 6 and 12 months preceding infection.
Main Results:
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin use was linked to a higher SARS-CoV-2 infection rate (OR 1.110).
- Trimethoprim-sulfonamides (OR 0.783) and azithromycin (OR 0.882) were associated with decreased infection rates.
- Fluoroquinolones showed decreased rates in univariate analysis (OR 0.923).
Conclusions:
- Specific antibiotic agents are independently associated with altered SARS-CoV-2 infection rates.
- Potential mechanisms involve antibiotic-induced changes in the human microbiome and immune modulation.
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