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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

657
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

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Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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509
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
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Causal Association between Iritis or Uveitis and Glaucoma: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study.

Je Hyun Seo1, Young Lee1,2

  • 1Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul 05368, Republic of Korea.

Genes
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Iritis and uveitis causally increase glaucoma risk, particularly in multi-ethnic populations. These findings suggest overlapping classifications between uveitic and open-angle glaucoma, necessitating further research into their complex relationship.

Keywords:
Mendelian randomisationglaucomairitissingle-nucleotide polymorphismsuveitis

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Emerging evidence suggests a link between iritis/uveitis and glaucoma.
  • This study aims to clarify the causal relationship between these conditions.

Approach:

  • Utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from Biobank Japan (BBJ) and UK Biobank (UKB).
  • Employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) with instrumental variables (IVs) derived from single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  • Applied multiple MR methods including inverse-variance-weighted (IVW), weighted median, and MR-Egger.

Key Points:

  • Significant causal association found between iritis and glaucoma in East Asian and multi-ethnic populations.
  • Significant causal association identified between uveitis and glaucoma in the multi-ethnic population.
  • Odds ratios (OR) indicated a positive correlation between iritis/uveitis and glaucoma risk.

Conclusions:

  • Iritis and uveitis are confirmed to have causal effects on glaucoma risk.
  • Findings suggest potential overlap in current classifications of uveitic glaucoma and open-angle glaucoma.
  • Further investigation into the complex interplay between uveitis and glaucoma is warranted.