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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

177
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
177
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

130
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

135
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
135
Inborn Errors of Metabolism01:20

Inborn Errors of Metabolism

209
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a protein metabolism disorder characterized by high blood levels of the amino acid phenylalanine. This results from a mutation in the gene responsible for phenylalanine hydroxylase, an enzyme that converts phenylalanine into tyrosine. When this enzyme is deficient, phenylalanine builds up in the blood, leading to symptoms such as vomiting, rashes, seizures, growth deficiency, and severe mental retardation. An early diagnosis and a diet restricting phenylalanine intake...
209

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Exploration of Homocysteine Metabolism and Genetics in Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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Updated: Aug 5, 2025

Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes
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Author Spotlight: Studying the Impact of Maternal Dietary Deficiencies on Long-Term Offspring Health Outcomes

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Folate-Methionine Cycle Disruptions in ASD Patients and Possible Interventions: A Systematic Review.

Melissa Roufael1,2, Tania Bitar1, Yonna Sacre3

  • 1Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh P.O. Box 446, Lebanon.

Genes
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Metabolite disturbances in the folate-methionine cycle are linked to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Nutritional interventions targeting vitamins B12 and folate show potential, but further research is needed.

Keywords:
MTHFRautismfolatefolate–methionine cyclehomocysteinevitamin B12

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) incidence is rising, posing a public health concern.
  • Alterations in the folate-methionine metabolism pathway are observed in individuals with ASD.
  • Metabolite changes in this cycle may indicate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ASD.

Conclusions:

  • The folate-methionine cycle is implicated in ASD pathogenesis.
  • Nutritional supplementation, particularly with vitamins B12 and folate, warrants further investigation.
  • Larger, well-designed studies are recommended to confirm the impact of supplementation on homocysteine levels in ASD.