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Other Algae01:19

Other Algae

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The group Stramenopiles include some phototrophic microorganisms. Members of this group possess flagella covered in numerous short, hairlike extensions, a feature that inspired the group's name, derived from the Latin words for "straw" and "hair." Some of the main categories of Stramenopiles include diatoms, golden algae, and brown algae.Diatoms are unicellular, photosynthetic eukaryotes, with over 200 known genera. They play a key role in the planktonic communities of both marine and...
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Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

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Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
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Chemistry of Carbohydrates

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
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Proteoglycans01:05

Proteoglycans

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Glycans, a class of complex heterogeneous molecules, can be covalently attached to proteins to form glycosylated proteins that regulate various physiological and pathological processes. Glycosylated proteins or glycoproteins comprise N-linked and O-linked oligosaccharides. O-glycosylation is the most common type of protein glycosylation. Here, glycans attach to the oxygen atom of the hydroxyl groups of Serine or Threonine residues. O-linked glycosylation occurs later in protein processing,...
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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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Glycosaminoglycans01:23

Glycosaminoglycans

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Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), also known as mucopolysaccharides, are long and linear polymers comprising of specific repeating disaccharides - the amino sugar that can be N-acetylglucosamine or N-acetylgalactosamine, and a uronic acid that is usually glucuronic acid or iduronic acid.
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Glucans, Paramylon and Other Algae Bioactive Molecules.

Laura Barsanti1, Paolo Gualtieri1

  • 1Istituto di Biofisica, Area della Ricerca CNR, via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|March 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Algae are versatile light-driven factories producing valuable bioactive compounds. Research explores their potential for sustainable production of primary and secondary metabolites.

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Marine Biology
  • Phycology

Background:

  • Algae, encompassing macro- and micro-algae, function as efficient light-driven cell factories.
  • They are capable of synthesizing a diverse array of bioactive compounds, including primary and secondary metabolites.

Discussion:

  • The metabolic pathways in algae offer significant potential for biotechnological applications.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for optimizing the production of high-value compounds.

Key Insights:

  • Algae's ability to convert light energy into complex organic molecules is a key feature.
  • Their metabolic versatility supports the synthesis of compounds with applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and biofuels.

Outlook:

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  • Further research into algal metabolic engineering can unlock novel production strategies.
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