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Proton Pump Inhibitors and Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease: Evidence from Observational Studies
Chieh-Chen Wu1,2, Mao-Hung Liao3, Woon-Man Kung2,4
1Department of Healthcare Information and Management, School of Health Technology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan 33300, Taiwan.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|March 29, 2023
Summary
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are linked to a higher risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This meta-analysis confirms the association, advising caution in high-risk patients.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Pharmacology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Epidemiological studies suggest a link between proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use and kidney disease.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis on PPIs and chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk was lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the association between PPI use and CKD risk.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for observational studies.
- Inclusion of studies comparing CKD risk in PPI users versus non-users.
- Data extraction and risk of bias assessment by two reviewers, with random-effect models for pooled analysis.
Main Results:
- Analysis included 10 observational studies with 6,829,905 participants.
- PPI use was significantly associated with an increased risk of CKD (RR 1.72, 95% CI: 1.02-2.87, p=0.03).
- The association remained significant in moderate-quality studies.
Conclusions:
- Proton pump inhibitor therapy is significantly associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease.
- While PPIs should not be stopped for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), caution is advised for patients at high risk of kidney disease.
- Further randomized controlled trials and biological studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Keywords:
acute kidney diseasechronic kidney diseasekidney diseasemeta-analysisproton pump inhibitorsMore Related Videos
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