Phytochemical-Based Nanomaterials against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: An Updated Review

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Pharmacology
• Microbiology

Background:

• Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) pose a significant global health challenge.
• Phytochemicals offer antimicrobial potential but have limitations in therapy.
• Nanotechnology can enhance phytochemicals' antibacterial efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the current research on phytochemical-based nanomaterials for treating ARB.
• To focus on polymeric nanofibers and nanoparticles incorporating phytochemicals.
• To discuss synthesis methods, antimicrobial activities, challenges, and future directions.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on phytochemical-based nanomaterials against ARB.
• Analysis of various phytochemicals and nanomaterial types (nanofibers, nanoparticles).
• Evaluation of synthesis techniques and reported antimicrobial results.

Main Results:

• Phytochemical-nanomaterial combinations demonstrate enhanced antibacterial capacity against ARB.
• Various phytochemicals have been successfully integrated into different nanomaterial platforms.
• Studies show improved mechanical, physicochemical, and release properties.

Conclusions:

• Phytochemical-based nanomaterials represent a promising strategy for combating ARB.
• Further research is needed to elucidate mechanisms of action and optimize clinical application.
• This approach offers potential for improved treatment of bacterial infections.