Computational approaches for detecting disease-associated alternative splicing events

Alternative splicing (AS) is a key transcriptional regulation pathway. Recent studies have shown that AS events are associated with the occurrence of complex diseases. Various computational approaches have been developed for the detection of disease-associated AS events. In this review, we first describe the metrics used for quantitative characterization of AS events. Second, we review and discuss the three types of methods for detecting disease-associated splicing events, which are differential splicing analysis, aberrant splicing detection and splicing-related network analysis. Third, to further exploit the genetic mechanism of disease-associated AS events, we describe the methods for detecting genetic variants that potentially regulate splicing. For each type of methods, we conducted experimental comparison to illustrate their performance. Finally, we discuss the limitations of these methods and point out potential ways to address them. We anticipate that this review provides a systematic understanding of computational approaches for the analysis of disease-associated splicing.