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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Aptamer-Based Target Detection Facilitated by a 3-Stage G-Quadruplex Isothermal Exponential Amplification Reaction
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Aptamer-Based Targeted Delivery of Functional Nucleic Acids.

Sitao Xie1,2, Weidi Sun1,2, Ting Fu1,3

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Functional nucleic acid (NA) drugs require precise delivery to target cells for safety and efficacy. Aptamer-based strategies offer a promising solution for targeted delivery of these gene-regulating therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Functional nucleic acids (NAs) offer versatile gene/protein expression control.
  • Efficient and precise delivery of NAs to target cells is crucial for therapeutic safety and efficacy.
  • Natural NAs face challenges in crossing cell membranes and can cause adverse effects if delivered non-specifically.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review aptamer-based strategies for targeted delivery of functional nucleic acids.
  • To highlight the potential of aptamers in overcoming NA delivery challenges, especially for extrahepatic sites.
  • To discuss current proof-of-concept applications and future perspectives.

Main Methods:

  • Review of literature on aptamer-based nucleic acid delivery systems.
  • Analysis of aptamer's role as molecular recognition units for cell targeting.
  • Discussion of specific examples and challenges in aptamer-mediated NA delivery.

Main Results:

  • Aptamers demonstrate high specificity and selectivity for cell surface proteins, enabling targeted binding.
  • Aptamer-based strategies show potential for efficient delivery of functional NAs to specific cells.
  • Proof-of-concept studies illustrate the feasibility of aptamer-guided NA delivery.

Conclusions:

  • Aptamer-based strategies represent a significant advancement in targeted functional nucleic acid delivery.
  • Further research is needed to address challenges and optimize aptamer-mediated delivery for clinical applications.
  • This approach holds promise for developing safer and more effective NA-based therapeutics.