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Use of the Nutrition Environment Measures Survey: A Systematic Review
Karen Glanz1, Amanda K Fultz1, James F Sallis2
1Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey (NEMS) tools are widely used to assess food environments. This review found most studies modified NEMS, highlighting the need for continued evolution and data quality documentation.
Area of Science:
- Public Health Nutrition
- Environmental Health
- Food Policy Research
Background:
- The Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey (NEMS) tools were developed to assess consumer food environments in retail and food service settings.
- NEMS tools have been utilized extensively in research and adapted for various populations and environments over the past 15 years.
- This systematic review synthesizes the application and modifications of NEMS tools in published literature.
Approach:
- A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases from 2007 to September 2021.
- Backward searches and author communications supplemented the database search to identify relevant articles.
- Data extraction focused on study purpose, findings, sample and NEMS characteristics, and modifications, with articles categorized by study goals and NEMS tool usage.
Key Points:
- 190 articles from 18 countries utilized NEMS tools, with 69.5% employing modified versions.
- 23 intervention studies incorporated NEMS measures or adaptations as outcomes or process assessments.
- Reliability assessments were reported, with 41% evaluating inter-rater reliability and 17% test-retest reliability.
Conclusions:
- NEMS measures have significantly advanced research on food environments and their links to dietary behaviors and health outcomes.
- Given the dynamic nature of food environments, ongoing adaptation and evolution of NEMS tools are essential.
- Researchers should prioritize documenting data quality for NEMS modifications and their application in novel settings.
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