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Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
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Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Forgetting is an intrinsic aspect of human memory, characterized by the gradual loss or inaccessibility of information over time. Hermann Ebbinghaus, a pioneering psychologist, extensively studied this phenomenon and formulated the forgetting curve. This curve illustrates that memory loss occurs rapidly immediately after learning and then decelerates over time. Several mechanisms contribute to forgetting, including encoding failure, storage decay, retrieval failure, and interference.
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Chunking and Rehearsal in Sensory Memory01:22

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Improving short-term memory can be achieved through techniques like chunking and rehearsal. Chunking involves organizing information into larger, more manageable units. This technique is particularly useful for information that exceeds the typical memory span of between five and nine items. For instance, logging into an online account with a password like "ta89vq0179gz" involves grouping letters and numbers into three chunks—ta89, vq01, and 79gz. It makes large amounts of...
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Cognitive CAPTCHA Password Reminder.

Natalia Krzyworzeka1, Lidia Ogiela2, Marek R Ogiela1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Employees struggle with numerous passwords, often choosing weak ones. This study introduces a novel visual password reminder system to improve security and recall for business users.

Keywords:
cognitive processeslogin schemepassword managementpassword reminderpersonal CAPTCHAvisual CAPTCHA

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • The increasing number of personal accounts per business user leads to challenges with password strength and recall.
  • Employees often create weak or reused passwords due to convenience, despite awareness of security best practices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel password-reminder scheme designed to enhance password security and memorability for business users.
  • To address the common issues of weak password strength and recall difficulties in professional environments.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a CAPTCHA-like image-based password reminder system.
  • Users create personalized, meaningful images linked to their unique memories or experiences.
  • Passwords are constructed using two or more words associated with the image and a number.

Main Results:

  • The proposed scheme aims to leverage visual memory to aid in recalling complex passwords.
  • Successful implementation relies on the user's ability to create a personally significant and decodable image.

Conclusions:

  • A well-chosen, personally relevant visual cue can significantly improve the recall of lengthy, secure passwords.
  • This novel approach offers a promising solution to enhance user authentication security and usability in business settings.