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The Hidden Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Routine Childhood Immunization Coverage in Cameroon
Yauba Saidu1,2, Pietro Di Mattei3, Sangwe Clovis Nchinjoh1,4
1Clinton Health Access Initiative Inc., Yaounde P.O. Box 2664, Cameroon.
Vaccines
|March 30, 2023
Summary
COVID-19 significantly disrupted childhood immunization in Cameroon
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Immunization Practices
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic disrupted global childhood immunization.
- Cameroon national vaccination coverage appeared to increase nationally.
- Hotspot regions lacked data on pandemic's impact on vaccination.
Purpose of the Study:
- Assess COVID-19's impact on childhood vaccination in Cameroon's hotspot regions.
- Analyze changes in diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis-containing vaccine (DTP-1 and DTP-3) coverage.
- Inform context-specific immunization recovery plans.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study using 2019-2020 district immunization data from DHIS-2.
- Data weighted by completeness against regional 2020 data.
- Chi-square test compared pre-pandemic and pandemic DTP-1 and DTP-3 coverage.
Main Results:
- Significant drops in DTP-1 and DTP-3 coverage observed in Littoral and Centre regions.
- Centre Region saw a 5.7% drop in DTP-1 and 7.6% drop in DTP-3 coverage.
- Most districts in hotspot regions reported decreased vaccination access (62.5%) and utilization (71.4%).
Conclusions:
- National immunization indicators masked regional impacts of COVID-19.
- Study provides data for continuous vaccination service delivery during emergencies.
- Findings support immunization recovery planning and future pandemic preparedness.
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