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Antimycotic effect of 3-phenyllactic acid produced by probiotic bacterial isolates against Covid-19 associated

Ravikumar Lunavath1, Saddam Hussain Mohammad1, Kiran Kumar Bhukya1

  • 1Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

Plos One
|March 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolite 3-phenyllactic acid show significant antifungal activity against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) pathogens. This research highlights potential new strategies for preventing and treating CAM in immunocompromised patients.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Immunology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Covid-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) is an emerging threat to immunocompromised individuals.
  • Probiotics and their metabolites offer a promising avenue for preventing and treating opportunistic fungal infections like CAM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy and safety of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their metabolites against CAM pathogens.
  • To identify and characterize LAB with antimicrobial and antifungal properties from various natural sources.

Main Methods:

  • Isolation and characterization of LAB from human milk, honey bee intestine, toddy, and dairy milk using 16S rRNA sequencing and MALDI TOF-MS.
  • Antimicrobial and antifungal activity assays against standard and pathogenic fungi, including Rhizopus sp. and Mucor sp.
  • Quantification and characterization of the antagonistic metabolite 3-phenyllactic acid (PLA) using HPLC and LC-MS.

Main Results:

  • Three LAB isolates (Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR013, Lactobacillus pentosus BMOBR061, Pediococcus acidilactici BMOBR041) exhibited significant antifungal activity against CAM-associated fungi.
  • 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) was identified as the key antagonistic metabolite, with L. pentosus BMOBR013 producing the highest yield (0.441 g/L).
  • The minimum inhibitory concentration of PLA against Rhizopus sp. and Mucor sp. was determined to be 180 mg/ml.

Conclusions:

  • Probiotic LAB and their metabolite PLA demonstrate potent inhibitory effects against Covid-19 associated mucormycosis pathogens.
  • These findings support the development of probiotic-based strategies for the prevention and treatment of CAM.

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