An In-Vitro Analysis of Root Fracture Strength Using Single File Systems

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Endodontics
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Endodontic treatment can compromise tooth structure, increasing fracture risk.
• Tooth structure loss and dehydration are primary causes of endodontic failure.
• Root canal obturation is crucial for tooth support and fracture resistance.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the fracture resistance of endodontic-treated teeth prepared with a single file system.
• To compare the fracture resistance of single file system preparations to a control group.
• To identify the prevalence and types of root fractures in endodontic treatment.

Main Methods:

• Two hundred human mandibular first molars were collected and stored.
• 120 teeth were selected, sterilized, and prepared with a 20-35 degree mesial root curvature.
• Teeth were divided into groups (n=20) for preparation using a single file system or a control method, followed by fracture load testing.

Main Results:

• Buccolingual fractures were the most prevalent (55%), followed by mesiodistal fractures (35%).
• Comminuted and transverse fractures occurred less frequently (15% and 5%, respectively).
• No significant difference in root fracture load was observed between the single file system and control groups (p>0.05).

Conclusions:

• Single file systems demonstrate comparable root fracture resistance to control methods in this study.
• Further research is recommended to assess single file systems using varied metrics and clinical evaluations.
• Buccolingual fractures were the predominant fracture type observed in both experimental and control groups.