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Photon Ring Astrometry for Superradiant Clouds
Yifan Chen1, Xiao Xue2,3, Richard Brito4
1Niels Bohr International Academy, Niels Bohr Institute, Blegdamsvej 17, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract:
Gravitational atoms produced from the superradiant extraction of rotational energy of spinning black holes can reach energy densities significantly higher than that of dark matter, turning black holes into powerful potential detectors for ultralight bosons. These structures are formed by coherently oscillating bosons, which induce oscillating metric perturbations deflecting photon geodesics passing through their interior. The deviation of nearby geodesics can be further amplified near critical bound photon orbits. We discuss the prospect of detecting this deflection using photon ring autocorrelations with the Event Horizon Telescope and its next-generation upgrade, which can probe a large unexplored region of the cloud mass parameter space when compared with previous constraints.
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