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When complications arise during birth: LBTQ people's experiences of care
Sofia Klittmark1, Anna Malmquist1, Gabriella Karlsson1
1Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Sweden.
Objective:
To explore the care experiences of lesbian, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LBTQ) people during births where complications have arisen.
Design:
Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with self-identified LBTQ people who had experienced obstetrical and/or neonatal complications.
Setting:
Interviews were conducted in Sweden.
Participants:
A total of 22 self-identified LBTQ people participated. 12 had experienced birth complications as the birth parent and ten as the non-birth parent.
Findings:
Most participants had felt invalidated as an LBTQ family. Separation of the family due to complications elevated the number of hetero/cisnormative assumptions, as new encounters with healthcare professionals increased. Dealing with normative assumptions was particularly difficult in stressful and vulnerable situations. A majority of the birth parents experienced disrespectful treatment from healthcare professionals that violated their bodily integrity. Most participants experienced lack of vital information and emotional support, and expressed that the LBTQ identity made it harder to ask for help.
Conclusions:
Disrespectful treatment and deficiencies in care contributed to negative experiences when complications arose during birth. Trusting care relationships are important to protect the birth experience in case of complications. Validation of the LBTQ identity and access to emotional support for both birth and non-birth parents are crucial for preventing negative birth experiences.
Implications For Practice:
To reduce minority stress and create conditions for a trusting relationship, healthcare professionals should specifically validate the LBTQ identity, strive for continuity of carer and zero separation of the LBTQ family. Healthcare professionals should make extensive efforts to transfer LBTQ related information between wards.
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