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Considerations for modelling diffuse high-grade gliomas and developing clinically relevant therapies.

Sarah L Higginbottom1,2, Eva Tomaskovic-Crook3,4,5, Jeremy M Crook6,7,8

  • 1Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, NSW, 2519, Australia.

Cancer Metastasis Reviews
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing advanced preclinical models for diffuse high-grade gliomas is crucial. New tissue engineering and stem cell techniques can better mimic tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment for improved cancer therapies.

Keywords:
3D printingClinically relevantGlioma stem cellsHigh-grade gliomaMicrofluidicsOrganoidsPreclinical modelsTissue engineeringTumour microenvironment

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Diffuse high-grade gliomas are aggressive human cancers with limited treatment options.
  • The 2021 World Health Organization molecular classification aims to personalize neuro-oncology treatments.
  • Current preclinical models fail to replicate glioma heterogeneity and the brain microenvironment, limiting therapeutic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limitations of conventional in vitro models for diffuse high-grade gliomas.
  • To explore the potential of novel tissue engineering and stem cell-based approaches for improved modeling.
  • To emphasize the importance of recapitulating tumor heterogeneity and microenvironment for therapeutic advancements.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current limitations in preclinical glioma modeling.
  • Discussion of emerging technologies like 3D bioprinting and microfluidic devices.
  • Focus on human pluripotent stem cell-based platforms.

Main Results:

  • Conventional models do not accurately reflect varied responses to therapy due to lack of microenvironmental context.
  • Novel approaches using stem cells and tissue engineering offer more relevant models.
  • These advanced models can better represent tumor heterogeneity and cellular states.

Conclusions:

  • Improved preclinical models are essential for translating research to clinical success in neuro-oncology.
  • Incorporating tumor heterogeneity and microenvironmental interactions is key to developing effective treatments for diffuse high-grade gliomas.
  • Advanced modeling techniques hold promise for increasing the success rate of oncology clinical trials.