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Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
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A virtual reality program to assess cognitive function in multiple sclerosis: A pilot study.

Wan-Yu Hsu1, Joaquin A Anguera1,2,3, Albert Rizzo4

  • 1Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|April 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Virtual reality (VR) offers a promising tool for assessing cognitive function in multiple sclerosis (MS). Studies show VR can reveal cognitive differences, particularly reaction time variability, in people with MS.

Keywords:
cognitioncognitive assessmentdigital healthmultiple sclerosisvirtual reality

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Rehabilitation Medicine
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment significantly impacts daily life for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Current neuropsychological tests often lack ecological validity, failing to reflect real-world functioning.
  • Virtual reality (VR) presents a novel approach for creating ecologically valid cognitive assessments in MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and utility of a VR-based cognitive assessment program for people with MS.
  • To explore the potential of VR in identifying cognitive deficits in MS.
  • To investigate the relationship between VR performance and established cognitive measures.

Main Methods:

  • A VR classroom environment was utilized, incorporating a continuous performance task (CPT) with and without distractors.
  • The study included 10 healthy adults and 10 individuals with MS and low cognitive functioning.
  • Cognitive performance was assessed using the VR CPT, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), and California Verbal Learning Test-II (CVLT-II), alongside a VR feedback survey.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with MS demonstrated significantly higher reaction time variability (RTV) compared to non-MS controls.
  • Increased RTV in both distractor conditions correlated with lower scores on the SDMT.
  • The VR program was found to be feasible for assessing cognitive function in this population.

Conclusions:

  • VR technology shows potential as an ecologically valid tool for cognitive assessment in multiple sclerosis.
  • Further research is needed to establish the full value of VR for evaluating cognition and daily functioning in MS.
  • VR assessments may offer a more realistic measure of cognitive challenges faced by individuals with MS.