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Cardiac Troponin, Cognitive Function, and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Michelle H Zonneveld1,2, Denise Abbel1, Saskia le Cessie3,4
11Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
Aging and Disease
|April 3, 2023
Summary
Elevated cardiac troponin levels are linked to poorer cognitive function and increased dementia risk, particularly vascular dementia. This systematic review highlights troponin as a potential marker for cognitive vulnerability and cerebrovascular damage.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Cardiology
- Gerontology
Background:
- Elevated cardiac troponin, a marker of myocardial injury, is observed in individuals with brain damage.
- Cardiac troponin has been associated with lower cognitive function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the association between cardiac troponin levels and cognitive function.
- To examine the link between troponin and dementia incidence and related outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of studies from PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE (up to August 2022).
- Inclusion of population-based cohort studies measuring troponin and assessing cognitive function or dementia outcomes.
- Analysis of 14 studies with a total of 38,286 participants.
Main Results:
- Higher troponin levels correlated with cognitive impairment prevalence, incident dementia, and vascular dementia hospitalization risk.
- Elevated troponin was associated with worse global cognitive function, attention, reaction time, and visuomotor speed.
- Associations with Alzheimer's Disease incidence, memory, executive function, and processing speed were inconsistent.
Conclusions:
- Higher cardiac troponin levels are associated with subclinical cerebrovascular damage.
- Cardiac troponin may serve as a risk marker for cognitive vulnerability.
- This review is the first to systematically examine the troponin-cognitive function-dementia relationship.
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