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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

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Latent Tuberculosis in India: An Overview.

Deepak Vishwakarma¹, Sudha R Bhoi¹, Asmita Rannaware¹

¹Epidemiology and Public Health, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, IND.

|April 3, 2023

Summary

Treating latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is crucial for eradicating tuberculosis (TB). Early detection and treatment of LTBI in high-risk groups are vital for preventing active TB cases and achieving global TB elimination goals.

Keywords:

dormancy immune suppression including latency latent tuberculosis persistence tuberculosis

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology

Background:

Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a significant reservoir for active tuberculosis (TB) cases.
The World Health Organization's End TB Strategy emphasizes the detection and treatment of LTBI.
Integrated LTBI control is essential for achieving TB eradication.

Purpose of the Study:

To review current knowledge on latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI).
To summarize diagnostic strategies and emerging interventions for LTBI.
To highlight the importance of LTBI management for TB eradication.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search using Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
Review of government websites for effective and current treatment regimens.
Analysis of existing literature on LTBI prevalence, diagnostics, and treatment.

Main Results:

LTBI represents a spectrum of infection, from subclinical to active TB.
The global burden of LTBI is difficult to ascertain due to the lack of a gold-standard diagnostic test.
Targeted tuberculin skin testing (TST) remains a reliable screening method for high-risk populations.

Conclusions:

Effective treatment of LTBI is a prerequisite for India to become TB-free.
There is a need for generalized new diagnostic criteria and widely adopted, specific treatments for LTBI.
Focusing on LTBI testing and treatment is essential for the ultimate elimination of TB.