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Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

Compartment Models: Single-Compartment Model

The single-compartment model serves as a simplified representation of the human body. This model assumes that the body functions as a single, well-mixed open compartment. When a drug is administered intravenously, it enters the body and quickly distributes uniformly. The drug then undergoes biotransformation and elimination, ultimately leaving the body. The volume of this compartment is referred to as the apparent volume of distribution into which the drug can uniformly distribute. In this...

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

Compartment Models: Two-Compartment Model

The two-compartment model divides the body into central and peripheral compartments to account for varying blood perfusion rates among organs and tissues, affecting drug distribution. The central compartment includes blood and highly perfused tissues with rapid drug distribution, while the peripheral compartment contains tissues with slower drug distribution. After a single IV bolus dose, the drug concentration is high in plasma and low in tissues. The drug distribution between compartments...

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models

Compartmental analysis is a widely adopted approach to characterizing drug pharmacokinetics. It uses compartment models that conceptualize the body as a collection of reversibly communicating compartments, each representing a group of tissues exhibiting similar drug distribution characteristics. The movement rate of the drug between these compartments is typically described by first-order kinetics.
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...

Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models

Mechanistic Models: Overview of Compartment Models

Mechanistic models, a category encompassing both physiological and compartmental modeling, differ from empirical models' approaches to incorporating known factors about the systems being modeled. Empirical models describe data with minimal assumptions, while mechanistic models aim to provide a robust description of available data by specifying assumptions and integrating known factors about the system. Compartmental analysis is a key example of a mechanistic model in pharmacokinetics and...

Three-Compartment Open Model

Three-Compartment Open Model

The three-compartment open model is a pharmacokinetic model used to describe the distribution and elimination of drugs following extravascular administration. It comprises a central compartment representing the plasma and two peripheral compartments. The highly perfused peripheral compartment represents organs and tissues with a rich blood supply, such as the liver, kidneys, and lungs. The scarcely perfused peripheral compartment represents tissues with lower blood supply, such as adipose...

Two-Compartment Open Model: Overview

Two-Compartment Open Model: Overview

Multicompartmental models are crucial tools in pharmacokinetics, providing a framework to understand how drugs move within the body. The two-compartment model is a crucial subtype, segmenting the body into central and peripheral compartments. The central compartment represents areas with high blood flow, such as plasma and highly perfused organs like the kidneys and liver, while the peripheral compartment signifies tissues with lower blood flow, like adipose tissue and muscle tissue.
The...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses

Published on: November 10, 2023

New compartment model for COVID-19.

Takashi Odagaki^1,2

¹Kyushu University, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan. t.odagaki@kb4.so-net.ne.jp.

Scientific Reports

|April 3, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a modified SIR model for COVID-19, accounting for pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic infectious individuals. Quarantining these groups effectively controls the pandemic.

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Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Mathematical Modeling
Infectious Disease Dynamics

Background:

The standard SIR model for epidemics has limitations in capturing COVID-19's transmission dynamics.
COVID-19 involves infectious pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, not fully addressed by traditional models.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and analyze a modified compartmental model for COVID-19.
To evaluate the impact of quarantining pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic patients on pandemic control.

Main Methods:

Population divided into five compartments: Susceptible (S), Pre-symptomatic (P), Asymptomatic (A), Quarantined (Q), and Recovered/Dead (R).
Time evolution of each compartment modeled using a system of ordinary differential equations.
Numerical solutions employed to analyze model predictions.

Main Results:

The modified model incorporates distinct infectious stages relevant to COVID-19.
Numerical simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of quarantining strategies.
Quarantining pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic infectious individuals significantly aids pandemic control.

Conclusions:

The five-compartment model provides a more accurate representation of COVID-19 spread.
Implementing quarantine measures for pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic cases is a crucial strategy.
Mathematical modeling is vital for informing public health interventions during pandemics.