Mechanism of sugar degradation product 5-hydroxymethylfurfural reducing the stability of anthocyanins
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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

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Published on: May 19, 2019
Baoge Song1, Haikun Li1, Jinlong Tian1
1College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
Abstract:
The coexistence of anthocyanin with the sugar degradation product 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is inevitable during the processing and storage of anthocyanin-rich juices. It was determined from our study that lower concentrations of 5-HMF have little effect on the stability of Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), and even cause a slight increase for a short period of time. As the concentration of 5-HMF increased, the retention of C3G decreased and the color of the solution changed from orange-red to purple-red. The reaction sites of 5-HMF and C3G in its hemiketal form were predicted by quantum chemical calculations in order to investigate the pathways of action of the two. The degradation mechanism of 5-HMF on anthocyanin was verified by Ultraviolet and Visible spectrophotometer and Ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Therefore, this article provides further theoretical support for the study of the effect of furfural compounds, which are sugar degradation products, on the stability of anthocyanins.
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