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Salmonellosis in Poland in 2020.

Małgorzata Milczarek1, Mirosław P Czarkowski1, Małgorzata Sadkowska-Todys1

  • 1National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Department of Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases and Surveillance.

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Summary

Salmonellosis cases in Poland significantly decreased in 2020 due to COVID-19 restrictions and increased hygiene. Despite fewer outbreaks, the pandemic may have led to underreporting of salmonellosis cases.

Keywords:
2020Polandepidemiologyextra-intestinal salmonellosisintestinal salmonellosissalmonellosis

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health Surveillance

Background:

  • Salmonellosis remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Understanding yearly epidemiological trends is crucial for effective disease control.
  • Poland has a surveillance system to monitor infectious diseases, including salmonellosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the epidemiological situation of salmonellosis in Poland in 2020.
  • To compare the 2020 salmonellosis data with previous years.
  • To identify trends and potential contributing factors to observed changes.

Main Methods:

  • Data collected from sanitary-epidemiological stations via EpiBaza and ROE systems.
  • Analysis of published data from the "Infectious Diseases and Poisoning in Poland in 2020" bulletin.
  • Inclusion of laboratory data and demographic statistics from Statistics Poland.

Main Results:

  • 5,470 salmonellosis cases registered in 2020, a significant decrease from previous years.
  • Highest incidence in the Podkarpackie voivodeship; highest affected age group 0-4 years.
  • S. Enteritidis was the most common serotype (70%); 9 deaths reported.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 pandemic restrictions and enhanced hygiene likely reduced salmonellosis incidence by ~69% compared to 2019.
  • A decrease in food poisoning outbreaks caused by Salmonella was observed.
  • Potential underestimation of cases due to reduced access to healthcare and diagnostics during the pandemic.