Breast Tissue Reconstruction Using Polycaprolactone Ball Scaffolds in a Partial Mastectomy Pig Model

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Regenerative Medicine
• Surgical Innovation

Background:

• Breast cancer surgery, including breast conservancy surgery (BCS), often lowers patients' quality of life (QoL).
• Developing effective breast tissue reconstruction methods is crucial for improving post-surgical outcomes.
• This study addresses the need for advanced reconstructive solutions following partial mastectomy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of a 3D printed Polycaprolactone (PCL) spherical scaffold for breast tissue reconstruction.
• To compare the regenerative potential of a standard PCL scaffold with a collagen-coated PCL scaffold (PCL-COL).
• To assess the biocompatibility and tissue regeneration in a pig model for potential clinical application.

Main Methods:

• A 3D printed PCL spherical scaffold was designed using CAD and optimized through physical property testing.
• Collagen coating was applied to enhance biocompatibility.
• A 3-month comparative study was conducted in a partial mastectomy pig model.

Main Results:

• Significant adipose tissue regeneration was observed within the PCL scaffold.
• The collagen-coated PCL scaffold (PCL-COL) demonstrated enhanced collagen regeneration compared to the standard PCL scaffold.
• Lower expression levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6) were noted in the PCL-COL group, suggesting improved biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

• 3D printed PCL scaffolds can facilitate adipose tissue regeneration in a large animal model.
• The collagen coating enhances tissue regeneration and biocompatibility, showing potential for clinical breast reconstruction.
• This study confirms the feasibility of using PCL scaffolds for breast tissue reconstruction, paving the way for future human clinical trials.