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Chronic hepatitis B and HIV coinfection

Maria A Corcorran1, Nina Kim1

  • 1University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.

Topics in Antiviral Medicine
|April 5, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is common in people with HIV. Coinfection accelerates liver disease, increasing mortality risks, making HBV screening and treatment essential for HIV patients.

Area of Science:

  • Hepatology and Virology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection frequently co-occurs with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) due to shared transmission routes.
  • HIV/HBV coinfection leads to more rapid liver disease progression compared to HBV infection alone.
  • Coinfection increases risks for hepatocellular carcinoma, liver-related mortality, and overall mortality.

Approach:

  • Review of epidemiological data on HIV/HBV coinfection.
  • Analysis of the natural history of coinfection.
  • Examination of current management strategies and treatment recommendations.
  • Discussion of prevention methods for HBV in HIV-positive individuals.

Key Points:

  • HBV screening is critical for all individuals with HIV.
  • Prompt and appropriate HBV treatment is vital for managing coinfection.
  • Understanding the accelerated liver disease progression in coinfection is key.
  • Prevention of HBV transmission is a priority in HIV care.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of HIV/HBV coinfection requires integrated screening, treatment, and prevention strategies.
  • Early intervention can mitigate the risks of severe liver disease and mortality associated with coinfection.
  • Public health efforts should focus on reducing HBV incidence among people with HIV.

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