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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
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How many children with large clear cornea do not have glaucoma?

Nader Bayoumi1, Eman Nabil Elsayed1, Ahmed Saber2

  • 1Ophthalmology Department, Alexandria University faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt.

European Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A significant portion of children with large clear corneas do not have glaucoma. Many of these cases are associated with axial myopia, not congenital megalocornea.

Keywords:
Large clear corneacongenital glaucomacongenital high myopiamegalocorneapediatric

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Megalocornea, defined as a large clear cornea, can be associated with glaucoma.
  • Differentiating glaucoma from other causes of large corneas in children is crucial for appropriate management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and clinical characteristics of large clear corneas in children.
  • To identify the prevalence of glaucoma in children presenting with large clear corneas.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with large clear corneas (horizontal white-to-white corneal diameter > 12 mm).
  • Glaucoma diagnosis based on Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) criteria.
  • Axial length measurements used to exclude congenital high myopia.

Main Results:

  • Out of 120 eyes from 91 children, 44 eyes (36.7%) from 24 children did not have glaucoma.
  • Of the eyes without glaucoma, 30 were classified as myopia and 14 as congenital megalocornea.
  • Glaucoma was diagnosed in 76 eyes (63.3%) from 67 children.

Conclusions:

  • Over one-third of pediatric eyes presenting with large clear corneas do not have glaucoma.
  • Axial myopia is a common finding in children with large clear corneas not associated with glaucoma.
  • This highlights the importance of thorough ophthalmological evaluation to differentiate glaucoma from other conditions causing large corneas.