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Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
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Suicidal thinking as affect regulation.

Daniel D L Coppersmith1, Yael Millgram1, Evan M Kleiman2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University.

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|April 6, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Suicidal thoughts may persist because they help regulate emotions. This study found that using suicidal thinking to manage negative feelings can predict future suicidal ideation frequency and severity.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Mental Health

Background:

  • Suicidal ideation affects a significant portion of the global population.
  • The persistence of suicidal thoughts is not well understood.
  • Suicidal thoughts may serve adaptive functions, such as affect regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether suicidal thinking functions as a form of affect regulation.
  • To examine the relationship between suicidal thinking and negative affect over time.

Main Methods:

  • A real-time monitoring study was conducted with 105 adults experiencing recent suicidal thoughts.
  • Participants' use of suicidal thinking for affect regulation and their negative affect levels were assessed.
  • Statistical analyses examined the temporal associations between suicidal thinking and negative affect.

Main Results:

  • A majority of participants reported using suicidal thinking to regulate affect.
  • Suicidal thinking was followed by a decrease in negative affect.
  • Bidirectional associations were found between suicidal thinking and negative affect.
  • Using suicidal thinking for affect regulation predicted increased frequency and severity of suicidal thoughts.

Conclusions:

  • Suicidal thinking may serve an emotion-regulatory function.
  • This emotion-regulatory function could contribute to the persistence of suicidal thoughts.
  • Findings offer insights into the maintenance mechanisms of suicidal ideation.