Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

3.2K
Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
3.2K
Symmetric Member in Bending01:07

Symmetric Member in Bending

256
In the study of the mechanics of materials, analyzing the behavior of prismatic members under opposing couples is crucial for understanding internal stress distributions, which are essential for structural design. When subjected to couples, a prismatic member experiences internal forces that maintain equilibrium. A couple, characterized by two equal and opposite forces, creates a moment but no resultant force. The internal forces at any section cut of the member must balance these external...
256
Unsymmetric Bending01:18

Unsymmetric Bending

381
Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from those in symmetrical bending, and are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions. In unsymmetrical bending, the neutral axis—where stress is zero—does not necessarily align with the geometric axes of the cross-section. The...
381
Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry01:16

Eccentric Axial Loading in a Plane of Symmetry

248
Eccentric axial loading occurs when an axial load is applied away from the centroidal axis of a structural member. This scenario is common in engineering, where structural elements may not be directly aligned due to various design or functional requirements.
248
Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II01:19

Routh-Hurwitz Criterion II

315
In the application of the Routh-Hurwitz criterion, two specific scenarios can arise that complicate stability analysis.
The first scenario occurs when a singular zero appears in the first column of the Routh table. This situation creates a division by zero issues. To resolve this, a small positive or negative number, denoted as epsilon (∈), is substituted for the zero. The stability analysis proceeds by assuming a sign for ∈. If ∈ is positive, any sign change in the first...
315
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

246
When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
246

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Evolving Populations of Solved Subgraphs with Crossover and Constraint Repair.

Evolutionary computation·2026
Same author

Runtime Analysis of Evolutionary Diversity Optimization on the Multi-objective (LeadingOnes, TrailingZeros) Problem.

Evolutionary computation·2025
Same author

Robustness of Ant Colony Optimization to Noise.

Evolutionary computation·2016
Same author

Editorial for the Special Issue on Theory of Evolutionary Algorithms 2014.

Evolutionary computation·2015
Same author

Toward a unifying framework for evolutionary processes.

Journal of theoretical biology·2015
Same author

Fitness Probability Distribution of Bit-Flip Mutation.

Evolutionary computation·2014

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion
08:19

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion

Published on: January 15, 2016

8.9K

Symmetry Breaking for Voting Mechanisms.

Preethi Sankineni1, Andrew M Sutton2

  • 1Department of Computer Science, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA sanki002@d.umn.edu.

Evolutionary Computation
|April 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A new symmetry-breaking technique enhances a majority vote algorithm to solve complex optimization problems with spin-flip symmetry. This method overcomes limitations in solving certain combinatorial optimization and satisfiability problems.

Keywords:
Runtime analysiscrossoversymmetry breaking

More Related Videos

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.4K
Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion
08:19

Asymmetric Walkway: A Novel Behavioral Assay for Studying Asymmetric Locomotion

Published on: January 15, 2016

8.9K
Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats
15:01

Peering into the Dynamics of Social Interactions: Measuring Play Fighting in Rats

Published on: January 18, 2013

15.4K
Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments
05:39

Generating Strictly Controlled Stimuli for Figure Recognition Experiments

Published on: March 18, 2019

5.3K

Area of Science:

  • Theoretical Computer Science
  • Combinatorial Optimization
  • Algorithm Design

Background:

  • Introduced a simple majority vote technique (Rowe & Aishwaryaprajna, 2019) for efficiently solving problems like Jump and OneMax.
  • Identified spin-flip symmetry (invariance to complementation) as a pathological condition for this algorithm.
  • Recognized that many significant combinatorial optimization problems exhibit spin-flip symmetry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the limitations of the majority vote technique when faced with spin-flip symmetric functions.
  • To introduce a novel symmetry-breaking technique to enhance the algorithm's performance on such problems.
  • To establish conditions under which the enhanced algorithm can successfully solve spin-flip symmetric functions.

Main Methods:

  • Proved that the original majority vote technique fails for spin-flip symmetric functions of unitation across all population sizes.
  • Developed a symmetry-breaking modification to the majority vote algorithm, forcing sampling on an n-1 hyperplane.
  • Analyzed the algorithm's efficiency on generalized TwoMax, spin-flip symmetric Jump variants, and constructed SAT/XOR-SAT formulas.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the ineffectiveness of the standard majority vote technique on spin-flip symmetric functions.
  • Established a sufficient condition for the success of the symmetry-breaking voting algorithm.
  • Showcased the enhanced algorithm's efficiency on several spin-flip symmetric problem instances, while noting failure on the 1D Ising model.

Conclusions:

  • The simple majority vote technique is fundamentally limited by spin-flip symmetry in combinatorial optimization.
  • The proposed symmetry-breaking technique effectively overcomes these limitations for many problem classes.
  • Further research is needed for spin-flip symmetric problems like the one-dimensional Ising model.