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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:37

Epigenetic Regulation

3.1K
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
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Gene-Environment Interactions01:20

Gene-Environment Interactions

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Gene expression is a dynamic process that is significantly influenced by environmental factors. This interaction underlies the complex nature of biological development and the phenotypic differences observed among individuals, even among those with identical genetic makeups. Factors such as radiation, temperature, behavior, nutrition, and stress play pivotal roles in determining how genes are expressed. The concept of the reaction range is central to understanding this interaction. It posits...
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Nature and Nurture01:10

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Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience,...
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Human Genetics01:28

Human Genetics

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Human genetics provides a profound framework for understanding the interplay between genetic predispositions and human psychology. At the heart of this discipline lies the study of how genes influence physical traits, behaviors, and susceptibility to diseases. Each person carries a unique genetic code that subtly or significantly shapes their psychological and behavioral landscape.
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Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

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The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone...
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Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance02:30

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 4, 2025

Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies
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Sample Preparation to Bioinformatics Analysis of DNA Methylation: Association Strategy for Obesity and Related Trait Studies

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A Child's Nutrition and Epigenetics.

Catherine Lynn T Silao1,2

  • 1Institute of Human Genetics, National Institutes of Health, Manila, Philippines.

Nestle Nutrition Institute Workshop Series
|April 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The first 1,000 days of life are critical for nutrition

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders are increasing.
  • Environmental factors and nutrition significantly contribute to disease development.
  • The first 1,000 days of life (conception to 2 years) are crucial for health development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of nutrigenomics in diet-related chronic disease development.
  • To understand how nutrition modulates disease onset, progression, and severity.
  • To investigate the impact of maternal and postnatal nutrition on long-term health.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on chronic disease incidence and prevalence.
  • Analysis of the impact of environmental factors, particularly nutrition, during early life.

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Optimized Analysis of DNA Methylation and Gene Expression from Small, Anatomically-defined Areas of the Brain
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  • Exploration of nutrigenomic principles and epigenetic mechanisms.

    • Main Results:

    • Nutrition during the first 1,000 days significantly influences health outcomes.
    • Nutrigenomics offers insights into diet-gene interactions affecting disease.
    • Epigenetic mechanisms, influenced by nutrition, play a key role in chronic disease development.

    Conclusions:

    • Early-life nutrition is a critical determinant of chronic disease risk.
    • Nutrigenomics and epigenetics are key areas for understanding and preventing diet-related diseases.
    • Targeted nutritional interventions during the first 1,000 days hold promise for long-term health.