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Vaccinia Reporter Viruses for Quantifying Viral Function at All Stages of Gene Expression
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Vaccines against monkeypox.

Jordi Reina1, Carla Iglesias1

  • 1Unidad de Virología, Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Facultad de Medicina de la Universidat Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.

Medicina Clinica (English Ed.)
|April 10, 2023
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Summary

Current monkeypox virus vaccines, including the non-replicative MVA-BN, are being evaluated for efficacy and safety. The 2022 epidemic highlights the need for effective vaccines against this zoonotic virus.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Monkeypox virus shares 90% genomic homology with smallpox virus and is a zoonosis.
  • Vaccinia poxvirus-based vaccines were used for smallpox eradication but are no longer in widespread use.
  • Current monkeypox vaccines are classified by WHO as replicative, minimally replicative, or non-replicative (MVA-BN).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current monkeypox virus vaccines.
  • To address the need for effective vaccines highlighted by the 2022 epidemic.
  • To consider the role of existing vaccines in outbreak prevention and attenuation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on monkeypox virus and vaccines.
  • Classification of current vaccines based on WHO criteria.
Keywords:
Monkeypox virusVaccinationVaccines

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  • Evaluation of vaccine potential for pre-exposure prophylaxis.

    • Main Results:

    • The 2022 epidemic revealed a lack of vaccines with proven efficacy and low reactogenicity.
    • Non-replicative vaccines like MVA-BN are currently in use.
    • Existing vaccines may offer protection or reduce disease severity.

    Conclusions:

    • There is an urgent need for monkeypox vaccines with demonstrated efficacy and safety.
    • Current vaccines, particularly MVA-BN, are being considered for use in the ongoing outbreak.
    • Pre-exposure prophylaxis with available vaccines may be beneficial for close contacts.