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An abiotic, tetrameric, eight-helix bundle.

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Researchers synthesized chiral aromatic oligoamides to control helix handedness. The 2-(2-aminophenoxy)-propionic acid unit reliably dictates helix direction, enabling precise construction of complex, protein-like abiotic architectures.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Chemical Biology

Background:

  • Aromatic oligoamides are valuable scaffolds for creating complex molecular architectures.
  • Controlling the handedness of helical structures is crucial for mimicking protein functions.
  • Chiral auxiliaries are often employed to induce specific helical conformations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize novel helically folded aromatic oligoamide sequences.
  • To investigate the influence of chiral units on helix handedness control.
  • To explore the formation of tertiary folds and supramolecular assemblies in abiotic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of four and nine distinct aromatic oligoamide sequences with varying chiral elements.
  • Solution-state spectroscopic analysis using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and circular dichroism (CD).
  • Molecular modeling and single-crystal X-ray diffraction for structural elucidation.

Main Results:

  • The 2-(2-aminophenoxy)-propionic acid unit quantitatively biased helix handedness in organic solvents, overriding opposing effects.
  • Well-defined abiotic helix-turn-helix tertiary folds were observed in solution, with helical axes at an angle.
  • X-ray diffraction revealed a tetrameric assembly of eight helices with mixed handedness, featuring helix-to-helix hydrogen bonds, some mediated by water molecules.

Conclusions:

  • Chiral 2-(2-aminophenoxy)-propionic acid units provide reliable control over helix handedness in aromatic oligoamides.
  • These systems can form stable, discrete tertiary structures in solution, mimicking protein folds.
  • The study represents a significant advancement in constructing complex, protein-like abiotic architectures.