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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias01:28

Dysrhythmias II: Classification of Tachyarrhythmias

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Tachyarrhythmias are a type of dysrhythmia where the heart rate exceeds 100 beats per minute. Here are some common types of tachyarrhythmias:Sinus TachycardiaSinus tachycardia originates from increased impulses from the sinus node, leading to an elevated heart rate. It is often triggered by stress, fever, or exercise.Patients may experience palpitations, a sensation of a racing heart, dizziness, and chest discomfort.Causes and Risk Factors: Common causes include physical exertion, emotional...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

60
Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
60
Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

28
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
28
Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

30
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
30
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

575
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
575
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

1.1K
Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
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Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation

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Risk Factors Associated With Atrial Fibrillation in Elderly Patients.

Jeeyong Shin1, Megha Andrews1, Lindsey DeJean1

  • 1Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ, USA.

Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
|April 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

In older adults, increasing age, hypertension, and conditions like osteoarthritis and heart failure significantly increase the odds of developing atrial fibrillation (AF). Conversely, certain rheumatological disorders and medication use decrease AF risk.

Keywords:
Atrial fibrillationElderly populationRisk factors of atrial fibrillation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a prevalent arrhythmia, particularly in the elderly.
  • AF increases the risk of severe complications, impacting quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between risk factors and comorbidities with AF in patients aged 65 and older.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective electronic medical record review.
  • Analysis of 2,433 patients aged 65+ visiting an internal medicine office.
  • Evaluation of demographic and clinical data for AF correlation.

Main Results:

  • 17.2% of patients had AF. Age, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, congestive heart failure, osteoarthritis, liver disease, and colorectal disease were associated with increased AF odds.
  • African-American patients showed decreased odds of AF compared to Caucasians.
  • Rheumatological disorders, NSAID use, and corticosteroid use were linked to decreased AF odds.

Conclusions:

  • Age, hypertension, and specific comorbidities like heart failure and osteoarthritis are significant risk factors for AF in older adults.
  • Certain medical conditions and medication classes may offer a protective effect against AF.