Abdominal Organ Transplantation: Noteworthy Literature in 2022

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Transplantation Medicine
• Critical Care

Background:

• The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted abdominal organ transplantation, necessitating adaptation in donor selection and management.
• Advances in 2022 literature provide critical updates for physicians managing transplant patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and synthesize key scientific literature from 2022 relevant to anesthesiologists and critical care physicians in abdominal organ transplantation.
• To highlight advancements in pancreatic, intestinal, kidney, and liver transplantation.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of studies published in 2022.
• Focus on anesthesiology and critical care aspects of abdominal organ transplantation.
• Thematic organization by organ type (pancreas, intestine, kidney, liver) and specific clinical topics.

Main Results:

• Successful utilization of grafts from COVID-19-infected donors reported.
• Studies explored dexmedetomidine's role in pancreatic transplantation and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
• Kidney transplantation literature focused on cardiovascular risk, obesity, and intraoperative management (fluid resuscitation, dexmedetomidine, sugammadex).
• Liver transplantation research included machine perfusion, cardiovascular/renal issues, and coagulation.

Conclusions:

• The 2022 literature demonstrates ongoing innovation and adaptation in abdominal organ transplantation.
• Key areas for anesthesiologists and critical care physicians include managing pandemic-related challenges, optimizing perioperative care, and addressing specific organ-related complications.