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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Comparison of Three Clinical Stereoscopic Methods for Measuring Binocular Visual Function During Amblyopic Treatment in Unilateral Amblyopia
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Stereoacuity and Multifocal Intraocular Lenses - a Systematic Review.

Maja Bohac1, Mateja Jagic1, Alma Biscevic1,2

  • 1University Eye Hospital Svjetlost, School of Medicine University of Rijeka, Zagreb, Croatia.

Acta Informatica Medica : AIM : Journal of the Society for Medical Informatics of Bosnia & Herzegovina : Casopis Drustva Za Medicinsku Informatiku Bih
|April 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Multifocal intraocular lenses may impact stereoacuity, with monofocal lenses showing better results. Bilateral implantation is recommended when using multifocal lenses to preserve depth perception.

Keywords:
StereoacuityTNO testTitmus testmultifocal lens

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Stereoacuity, a sophisticated binocular function for depth perception, is less studied in patients with multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) compared to glare and contrast sensitivity.
  • Few publications specifically address binocular vision testing outcomes in individuals with multifocal IOLs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize the results of binocular vision assessments in patients who have undergone cataract surgery with multifocal IOL implantation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and comprehensive internet search.
  • Inclusion of studies from major scientific databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.

Main Results:

  • Monofocal IOLs demonstrated statistically significant superior stereoacuity compared to multifocal IOLs when measured with a near addition.
  • Refractive multifocal IOLs showed better stereoacuity than diffractive-based multifocal IOLs using the TNO test.
  • The Titmus test yielded significantly higher stereoacuity scores than the TNO test across comparable lens types.

Conclusions:

  • Stereoacuity is resilient to multifocality-induced retinal blur, unlike other visual degradations.
  • Multifocal IOLs do not induce greater functional aniseikonia than monofocal IOLs.
  • To mitigate compromised stereoacuity from unilateral multifocal IOL implantation, bilateral implantation is advised.