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Overview of Atopic Dermatitis in Different Ethnic Groups
Andrea Chiricozzi1,2, Martina Maurelli3, Laura Calabrese1,2
1UOC di Dermatologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|April 13, 2023
Summary
Atopic dermatitis (AD) varies significantly across ethnic groups due to genetic and immune differences. Understanding this heterogeneity is crucial for developing effective, personalized treatments for diverse patient populations.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Immunology
- Genetics
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin condition globally.
- Growing evidence highlights significant heterogeneity in AD across different ethnic groups.
- Factors like genetics, epidemiology, and immune phenotypes contribute to these variations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the ethnic heterogeneity in atopic dermatitis pathophysiology.
- To explore the potential therapeutic implications of these ethnic differences.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of clinical, genetic, epidemiologic, and immune-phenotypic studies on atopic dermatitis.
- Analysis of differences in disease presentation and immune responses across racial groups.
- Examination of the impact of genetic factors, such as filaggrin mutations, on AD prevalence.
Main Results:
- Filaggrin (FLG) mutations are common in European and Asian AD patients but rare in Africans.
- While Th2 hyperactivation is common, specific immune profiles differ: Asians show increased Th17, African Americans a Th2/Th22 signature.
- Clinical trials predominantly include white patients, limiting data on safety and efficacy in other ethnicities.
Conclusions:
- Ethnic background significantly influences atopic dermatitis pathophysiology, including genetic predisposition and immune responses.
- Recognizing ethnic variations in AD is essential for tailoring effective therapeutic strategies.
- Further research is needed to investigate AD across diverse populations to ensure equitable treatment outcomes.
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