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Biosynthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles Using Phytochemical Compounds
Ade Zuhrotun1, Dede Jihan Oktaviani1, Aliya Nur Hasanah2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jalan Raya Bandung-Sumedang KM 21 Jatinangor, Bandung 45363, Indonesia.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 13, 2023
Summary
Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a promising method for creating gold and silver nanoparticles. Phytochemicals like polyphenols are key, influencing nanoparticle properties and applications.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology
- Green Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs) are extensively utilized across various scientific fields due to their beneficial properties.
- Biosynthesis of nanoparticles using plant extracts, termed green synthesis, presents an advantageous alternative to conventional methods.
- Understanding the role of phytochemicals in green synthesis is crucial for optimizing nanoparticle production and application.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review phytochemical compounds in plants used for AuNP and AgNP synthesis.
- To analyze how phytochemical concentration and structure influence nanoparticle properties.
- To explore the applications of plant-mediated synthesized AuNPs and AgNPs.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on plant-mediated synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles.
- Analysis of phytochemical composition of plant extracts used in synthesis.
- Correlation of phytochemical properties with resulting nanoparticle characteristics (size, shape, stability).
Main Results:
- Phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols, reducing sugars, and proteins, act as essential reducing and stabilizing agents in nanoparticle biosynthesis.
- The concentration and structural features of phytochemicals directly impact nanoparticle size, stability, and activity.
- Ortho-substituted hydroxyl groups in phytochemicals promote smaller, well-defined nanoparticles with enhanced activity and stability.
Conclusions:
- Phytochemical compounds are critical determinants of nanoparticle properties in green synthesis.
- Controlling phytochemical concentration and structure allows for tailored nanoparticle characteristics.
- Optimizing biosynthesis conditions (metal ion concentration, temperature, time, pH) is vital for successful synthesis and desired nanoparticle outcomes.
