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The Soil Ecosystem02:23

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What is Climate?01:16

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Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Simulating Temperature in a Soil Incubation Experiment
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Soil microbiome feedback to climate change and options for mitigation.

Hussnain Mukhtar1, Rainer Ferdinand Wunderlich1, Adnan Muzaffar2

  • 1Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taiwan.

The Science of the Total Environment
|April 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Soil microbes are vital for ecosystem functions, but climate change impacts on their community structure and nutrient cycling remain uncertain. Understanding these responses is key to developing effective mitigation strategies for global change.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Soil microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Climate change science

Background:

  • Soil microbes play critical roles in biogeochemical cycling, carbon sequestration, and plant health.
  • Climate change effects on soil microbial communities, nutrient cycling, and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes are not fully understood.
  • Interactions between climate, microbes, and plants are complex and vary across scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review global and regional climate change impacts on soil microbial community structure and function.
  • To synthesize studies on climate change effects on terrestrial nutrient cycles and GHG fluxes.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and discuss mitigation strategies for agroecosystems.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing global and regional studies.
  • Analysis of climate change factors (e.g., elevated CO2, temperature) on microbial communities.
  • Examination of climate-microbe and plant-microbe interactions.

Main Results:

  • Climate change impacts on microbial community structure (e.g., fungi-to-bacteria ratio) and nutrient turnover are variable and difficult to generalize.
  • Responses are influenced by regional environmental conditions, historical fluctuations, and methodological choices.
  • Potential for mitigation strategies using chemical interventions and genetic engineering exists.

Conclusions:

  • Significant knowledge gaps hinder accurate predictions of microbial responses to climate change.
  • Effective mitigation strategies require a deeper understanding of microbial community dynamics and interactions.
  • Further research is needed to develop robust strategies for managing soil ecosystems under global change.